Freedom of Speech

Who are the Minorities?
Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Jain and Zorastrians (Parsis) have been notified as minority communities under Section 2 (c) of the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992.
As per the Census 2011, the percentage of minorities in the country is about 19.3% of the total population of the country.
The population of Muslims are 14.2%; Christians 2.3%; Sikhs 1.7%, Buddhists 0.7%, Jain 0.4% and Parsis 0.006%.
Minority Concentration Districts (MCD), Minority Concentration Blocks and Minority Concentration Towns, have been identified on the basis of both population data and backwardness parameters of Census 2001 of these areas.
Defining Minorities
The Constitution recognizes Religious minorities in India and Linguistic minorities in India through Article 29 and Article 30.
But Minority is not defined in the Constitution.
Currently, the Linguistic minorities in India are identified on a state-wise basis thus determined by the state government whereas Religious minorities in India are determined by the Central Government.
The Parliament has the legislative powers and the Centre has the executive competence to notify a community as a minority under Section 2(c) of the National Commission for Minorities Act of 1992.
Article 29: It provides that any section of the citizens residing in any part of India having a distinct language, script, or culture of its own, shall have the rights of minorities in India to conserve the same. Article 29 is applied to both minorities (religious minorities in India and Linguistic minorities in India) and also the majority. It also includes – rights of minorities in India to agitate for the protection of language.

Article 30: All minorities shall have the rights of minorities in India to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice. Article 30 recognises only Religious minorities in India and Linguistic minorities in India (not the majority). It includes the rights of minorities in India to impart education to their children in their own language.

Article 350-B: Originally, the Constitution of India did not make any provision with respect to the Special Officer for Linguistic minorities in India. However, the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1956 inserted Article 350-B in the Constitution. It provides for a Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities appointed by the President of India. It would be the duty of the Special Officer to investigate all matters relating to the safeguards provided for linguistic minorities under the Constitution.

Various states on Minorities
Maharashtra has notified ‘Jews’ as a minority community within the State.
Again, Karnataka notified Urdu, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Marathi, Tulu, Lambadi, Hindi, Konkani and Gujarati as minority languages within the State.
[2/11, 10:27 AM] dilipkumar1989patna: How the government of India has safeguarded the rights of Dalits and Adivasis?
SC and ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989

The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 was framed in response to demands made by Dalits and others that the government must take seriously the ill treatment and humiliation Dalits and tribal groups face in an everyday sense.

How does the Indian Constitution ensure that the interests of the minorities are protected?
The Indian Constitution enshrines secularism in its Preamble. It guarantees fundamental rights to all its minorities. Independent institutions, including Judiciary, Human Rights Commission, and Minorities Commission, protect and promote these rights.

अनुसूचित जनजाति की प्रमुख समस्याओं को दूर करने के लिए सरकार ने क्या प्रयत्न किए हैं?
अनुसूचित जनजातियों के कल्याण के लिए कार्य कर रहे स्वैच्छिक संगठनों के लिए अनुदान सहायता योजना जनजातीय मामले मंत्रालय द्वारा अनुसूचित जनजातियों के कल्याण के लिए कार्य कर रहे स्वैच्छिक संगठनों के लिए शुरू की गई अनुदान सहायता योजना (एसटी) के बारे में जानकारी उपलब्ध कराई है। योजना केंद्र सरकार द्वारा वित्त पोषि

जनजाति कल्याण के लिए सरकार ने कौन सा कार्य किया है?
आदिम जनजातीय समूह (पी.टी.

देखते हुए, पी.टी. जी के संपूर्ण विकास के लिए एक केन्द्रीय क्षेत्र योजना वर्ष 1998-99 में शुरु की गई थी। यह योजना बहुत लचीली है और इसमें आवास, बुनियादी ढांचे का विकास, शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य, भूमि संवितरण/विकास, कृषि विकास, पशु विकास, सामाजिक सुरक्षा, बीमा, आदि शामिल हैं।
आदिवासियों के अधिकार क्या है?
हमारे देश के आदिवासियों को चंद गिने-चुने लोगों की सनक और चाहतों को पूरा करने के लिये किसी भी तरह के नुकसान, बेदखली, विस्थापन के डर के बिना स्वतंत्र रूप से रहने का अधिकार है। सरकार की भूमिका इन अधिकारों की रक्षा करने और अपने परिवार एवं समुदाय के लिए और अधिक अधिकार हासिल करने की इनकी राह को आसान बनाने की है।.
आदिवासी अधिकार

आदिवासी समुदाय को सुविधाओं में सुधार के लिए क्या कदम उठाए गए हैं?
The chief measures regarding tribal development are as follows:

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Constitutional Provisions and Safeguards:
2. Representation in Legislatures and Panchayats:
3. Reservation in the Service:
4. Administration of Scheduled and Tribal Areas:
5. Tribes’ Advisory council:
6. Commissioner for the Scheduled Castes and Tribes:
7. Welfare Department in the States:
8. Educational Facilities:
9. Scholarships:
10. Economic Opportunities:
11. Tribal Research Institute:

: What are the rights of SC and ST?

Since the independence of India, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were given Reservation status, guaranteeing political representation, preference in promotion, quota in universities, free and stipended education, scholarships, banking services, various government schemes and the Constitution lays down the …

Two Fundamental Rights that Dalits can draw upon to insist that they be treated with dignity and as equals are: Right to Equality and the Right to Freedom.

It reads as follows: “The State shall promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections, of the people, and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation”.